This report reviews previous agroforestry, forage and livestock projects in eastern Indonesia to assess the potential for integrated timber-forage-livestock agroforestry systems to improve the incomes of smallholder farmers in West Timor. It identifies strategies for developing more acceptable systems, proposes methods for their implementation and provides an assessment and analysis of the constraints to adoption of research results. The scoping study included field investigation and a social survey in West Timor in 2007.

The low weight of Bali cattle for sale was a major issue related to smallholder farmer poverty and an impediment to the development of a cattle industry in eastern Indonesia. An ACIAR-funded research team established that the low weight was due to poor management, particularly nutrition, which led to low reproductive efficiency, and poor survival and growth of the calf.

This report identifies legumes for use in maize and upland rice-based systems of East Nusa Tenggara and contains additional information on biomass and seed production, agronomy (sowing, configuration, pests, weeds, disease) and benefits from legume use.

Small animals are a significant source of meat in rural areas during times of food shortage or when there are sudden unexpected food requirements for ceremonies. This paper assesses the potential, opportunities and constraints in rearing small animals for integrated rural development in East Nusa Tenggara based on experiences and a review of studies. It finds that small animals such as goats, sheep, chickens, pigs and ducks are potentially a major component of integrated rural development.

While the demand for specialty coffee in Indonesia is high, the industry is constrained by its inability to increase production. This study assesses the trade and marketing practices of Indonesian specialty coffee through interviews with different value chain actors— exporters, farmer associations and cooperatives, processors, traders and government representatives—in the provinces of South Sulawesi, North Sumatra, Aceh and Bali.

Recent high coffee prices, due to a combination of rising demand in emerging markets and declining production outside of Brazil and Vietnam, have sparked concerns over the long-term supply of coffee beans. This paper evaluates the potential for expanding production from Indonesia—currently the world's third largest producer—to play a significant role in meeting predicted global demand. The research examines this possibility through a socio-economic assessment of coffee-based livelihoods in Indonesia.

Indonesia's specialty coffees have distinct and unique taste profiles based on their geographic origin. This paper assesses the impact of three processing methods (wet processed dry hulling (WPDH), wet processed wet hulling (WPWH) or pulped natural (PN)) on the cup profiles of three dominant Flores Arabica varieties ('Juria' (Typica type), S 795 and Hybrid of Timor (HdT)). Dominant varieties were identified through surveys of Arabica coffee farms in the Flores highland area of Ngada Bajawa.

This report examines the main strengths and constraints affecting the profitability of the coffee industry in Flores, focusing on the two main coffee producing districts of Manggarai and Ngada. The report highlights a number of strengths and opportunities which suggest that Flores could develop into a specialty Arabica coffee origin, whilst further building the reputation of its Robusta coffee.

In this article, the authors explore how the coffee processing method can influence coffee cup taste by evaluating three commercial coffee processing methods—full-washed, wet-hulled and pulped-natural—in use in the Indonesian specialty coffee origin of “Bajawa” on the island of Flores. Specifically, the research attempts to determine whether pulped-natural processing creates inherently lower quality coffee, while at the same time considering the environmental, resource and financial constraints of the Flores farm system.

The islands of Sulawesi and Flores are among the key Arabica coffee producing regions of Indonesia. In this paper, Hartatri et al. explore the effect of livelihood strategies on decision making processes of smallholder coffee farmers in South Sulawesi and Flores and how they affect farmer engagement with the growing specialty coffee market. The author's assumption is that the way coffee production is inserted within social and agro-ecological systems will affect the willingness of farmers to engage in quality upgrading initiatives.