This paper examines factors affecting the reproduction level of Kacang and Peranakan Etawah goats under the village production system. The study was conducted in two regencies in Central Java as part of a doe productivity evaluation program under the village production system. Reproduction data of 173 Peranakan Etawah and 189 Kacang does were collected through on-farm research over 20 months. The reproduction traits examined were parity, type of birth and litter weight at weaning. The findings revealed that the average reproduction rate of Kacang and Peranakan Etawah does was 2.95 and 1.76 kid/doe/year, respectively, which was significantly affected by parity, type of birth and litter weight at weaning. The reproduction rate of both breeds of doe tended to increase with the advance in parity up to the fourth parity and slightly decreased thereafter. The reproduction rate increased progressively with the advance in birth type. The findings also showed that at each 1 gram increase in litter weight at weaning there was an increase of 0.17 and 0.08 reproduction rate of Kacang and Peranakan Etawah does, respectively.