Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Integrated Farming System

Prospects for integrated timber-forage-livestock agroforestry systems for economic diversification in West Timor farming communities. ACIAR-SMAR/2006/080.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

vanNimwegen(2009)ProspectsIntegratedTimberForageLivestockAgroforestryWestTimor_ACIAR_SADI.pdf

This report reviews previous agroforestry, forage and livestock projects in eastern Indonesia to assess the potential for integrated timber-forage-livestock agroforestry systems to improve the incomes of smallholder farmers in West Timor. It identifies strategies for developing more acceptable systems, proposes methods for their implementation and provides an assessment and analysis of the constraints to adoption of research results. The scoping study included field investigation and a social survey in West Timor in 2007. Findings reveal that the major barriers constraining the adoption of agroforestry programs are physical, social, institutional and economic in nature, including water availability, limited understanding of farmer's decision making processes, labour shortages, low household capital, and regulatory frameworks and policies inhibiting beneficial programs. Furthermore, farmers were found to be reluctant to make long-term investments. The study proposes a timber, forage, livestock agroforestry approach as a strategy for enhancing the uptake of new technology—a flexible approach that allows for the cyclical nature of adoption. Success will depend on the extent to which biophysical and socio-cultural aspects are integrated into the approach.

Publication Date:

2009

Author:

Van Nimwegen P., Lloyd D. and Vanclay J.

Publisher:

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Opportunities to use cocoa pods and forages to address feed gaps during the dry season in Southeast Sulawesi. ACIAR-SMAR 2007/013. 48:76

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

Quigley-Poppi(2009)OpportunitiesCocoaPodsForageAddressFeedGapsSESulawesi_ACIAR_SADI.pdf

Increased beef demand and prices could increase smallholder cash flow and production if feed quantity and quality limitations could be addressed. This project assessed the potential use of cocoa by-products as a cattle feed and various forage and tree legumes in managed grazing systems in South East Sulawesi (Sultra). Methodology involved laboratory, research facility and on farm trials. Results indicate cocoa pods could successfully be fed to Bali cattle (10-15g DM/kg live weight/d) while contributing to cocoa pod borer management and using simple low-cost processing for storage. Gliricidia and Sesbania tree legumes provide additional stock feed options. Key recommendations include the introduction of cheap cocoa pod choppers and extension of cocoa pods as a feed source. The authors suggest several areas for further investigation, including assessment of forage legumes, which was limited by unfavourable climatic conditions in the current study, the role of Aspergillus niger in improving low quality feedstuffs and the most palatable form of processed cocoa pods. The project contributed to capacity building and developing research linkages for future ruminant nutrition research.

Publication Date:

2009

Author:

Quigley S., Poppi D., Rusman M., Saili T., Budisantoso E., Dahlanuddin and Marsetyo.

Publisher:

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Case study 2: Developing an integrated production system for Bali cattle in the eastern islands of Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

PoppiEtAl(2011)CaseStudy2DevelopingIntegratedProductionSystemBaliCattle_ACIAR.pdf

The low weight of Bali cattle for sale was a major issue related to smallholder farmer poverty and an impediment to the development of a cattle industry in eastern Indonesia. An ACIAR-funded research team established that the low weight was due to poor management, particularly nutrition, which led to low reproductive efficiency, and poor survival and growth of the calf. The research team worked with villagers to introduce a simple management system aimed at increasing pregnancy rates in lactating cows, reducing calf mortality, reducing the bull cost per calf, and increasing average post-weaning growth rates and survival. These strategies aimed to minimise costs, increase turn-off rates, reduce average turn-off age and increase net financial returns. This case study outlines the approach taken to develop an integrated management system for Bali cattle, with emphasis on both successes and failures.

Publication Date:

2011

Author:

Poppi D., Fordyce G., Panjaitan T., Dahlanuddin and Quigley S.

Publisher:

In 'Beef production in crop-livestock systems: simple approaches for complex problems', ed. by B. Winter. ACIAR Monograph No. 145. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Integrating herbaceous legumes into crop and livestock systems in eastern Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

NulikEtAl(2013)IntegratingHerbaceousLegumesCropLivestockSystemsEasternIndo_ACIAR.pdf

This report identifies legumes for use in maize and upland rice-based systems of East Nusa Tenggara and contains additional information on biomass and seed production, agronomy (sowing, configuration, pests, weeds, disease) and benefits from legume use. The report details the characteristics and performance of seven herbaceous legumes (Clitoria ternatea, Centrosema pascuorum, Lablab purpureus, Stylosanthes seabrana, Stylosanthes guianensis, Macroptilium bracteatum, Centrosema molle) including suitability to local climatic conditions and as a cattle feed, evaluated in on-farm and research station trials. The report contains numerous farmer case studies, documenting the use of herbaceous legumes in cereal and cattle systems. Benefits include production of significant biomass; provision of alternative high-N forage to supplement other feed sources e.g. tree legumes; direct incorporation into cropping systems based on maize and rice either as a relay or rotation; contribution of N to the cropping system through nitrogen fixation if not removed for hay; and utilisation of residual stored soil moisture. The report highlights aspects of the system that impact on farmer adoption and notes that continued farmer support is critical for successful adoption.

Publication Date:

2013

Author:

Nulik J., Dalgliesh N., Cox K. and Gabb S.

Publisher:

ACIAR Monograph No. 154. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

A whole-farm system approach to enhancing Bali cattle production in the mixed crop/livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

McdonaldEtAl(2004)WholeFarmApproachEnhancingBaliCattleProductionEasternIndo.pdf

While many forages suitable for improving livestock production in mixed crop-livestock systems in the tropics have been identified, their adoption has been limited. Before farmers will introduce new forages into their farming system an important prerequisite is that the change will be considered profitable, will have an acceptable level of risk and will not interfere with food security. This paper describes a whole farm systems approach used to identify the benefits of new forages to improve Bali cattle production in the smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems of eastern Indonesia. Data collection took place with farmers, village heads and extension staff in four villages in Sulawesi and Sumbawa. Preliminary analyses indicate that retaining residue from grain legume crops, growing tree legumes as living fences or hedgerows, and elephant grass all contribute to increased animal production by reducing annual forage deficit. This, in turn, decreases labour requirements in the late dry season as fodder does not have to be obtained from long distances. These findings suggest that substantial improvements can be made to farm profitability and family welfare from within the resources and constraints of current farming practices.

Publication Date:

2004

Author:

McDonald C., Lisson S., MacLeod N., Rahman R., Wirajaswadi L., Panjaitan T. et al.

Publisher:

In 'Proceedings Seminar Nasional Pemberdayaan Petani Miskin di Lahan Marginal Melalui Inovasi Teknologi Tepat Guna, Mataram 2004' Pp. 1-8

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Improving smallholder crop-livestock systems in eastern Indonesia. ACIAR-LPS/2004/005.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2008)ImprovingSmallholderCropLlivestockSystemsEasternIndo.pdf

This report presents findings from a project aiming to help smallholder farmers improve cattle production in eastern Indonesia by introducing forages into their cropping systems. It identified several factors constraining livestock production in smallholder farming systems, and found that most technologies needed to address the constraints are already available in Indonesia or elsewhere, but have not yet been adopted by local farmers. The report describes the merits of combining the principles and tools of farming systems analysis and farmer participation, where an extensive benchmarking process to identify constraints to livestock production and potential strategies to address them are shared with farmers to develop a shortlist of feasible strategies for on-farm trialling. Based on feedback from farmers and results from monitoring on-farm trials the approach was deemed successful. The pathways to adoption of livestock improvement strategies varied by region and technology. The initial focus was to address forage supply and quality constraints through modest plantings of selected forages. The confidence and trust arising from successful adoption of this comparatively simple technology was used as an entry point for more complex animal management strategies requiring long-term planning and investment.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Wirajaswadi L., Rahman R., et al.

Publisher:

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

A participatory, farming systems approach to improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder crop-livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2010)ParticipatoryFarmingSystemsApproachImprovingBaliCattleProductionEastIndo.pdf

This paper presents key findings from a research, development and extension program conducted between 2001 and 2009 in six villages in South Sulawesi and Central Lombok to develop and test a participatory, farming systems approach for evaluating and increasing the adoption of strategies for improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder farming systems of Eastern Indonesia. A whole farm model, called Integrated Analysis Tool, was developed to capture the particular features of Eastern Indonesian smallholder farming systems, including Bali Cattle feed responses, local feed types and management practices. Smallholders actively participated in every step of the process from benchmarking, identification of cattle production constraints and opportunities, the selection and field testing of best-bet strategies and the extension of technologies to other households. This research approach resulted in sustained adoption of a package of best-bet technologies by the 30 participating smallholder households with an intention to continue these practices into the future. It further resulted in positive production, social and economic impacts, as well as significant adoption/adaption of the livestock improvement technologies by other households exposed to the practices.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Pengelly B., Wirajaswadid L., et al.

Journal:

Agricultural Systems 103(7), 486-497

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Case study 1: Crop-livestock farming systems in eastern Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2011)CaseStudy1CropLivestockFarmingSystemsEasternIndo_ACIAR.pdf

This case study presents the research and outcomes of three ACIAR-funded projects to improve Bali cattle production for smallholders in eastern Indonesia. The projects—conducted between 2001 and 2008—developed and tested an approach that combined the principles of participatory, on-farm engagement with farmers, and farming systems analysis and modelling. Their main purpose was to encourage the uptake of technologies that improve the productivity and welfare of smallholder households. Trials of the different options were conducted over a two-year period, involving 40 selected households from four sites in eastern Indonesia. The case study demonstrates how the uptake of these technologies is starting to bring substantial benefits to the smallholders, their families and communities such as increased forage and livestock production, labour savings, and increased family income. The tools, knowledge and skills developed through this work are now being utilized for other projects aiming to generate wide-scale adoption of new farming practices, increased beef production and improved farmer welfare in eastern Indonesia.

Publication Date:

2011

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Rachman R. and Wirajaswadi L.

Publisher:

In 'Beef production in crop-livestock systems: simple approaches for complex problems', ed. by B. Winter. ACIAR Monograph No. 145. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Eastern IndonesiaAgribusiness DevelopmentOpportunities (EI-ADO) - Integrated Farming System

Prospects for integrated timber-forage-livestock agroforestry systems for economic diversification in West Timor farming communities. ACIAR-SMAR/2006/080.

Opportunities to use cocoa pods and forages to address feed gaps during the dry season in Southeast Sulawesi. ACIAR-SMAR 2007/013. 48:76

Case study 2: Developing an integrated production system for Bali cattle in the eastern islands of Indonesia.

Integrating herbaceous legumes into crop and livestock systems in eastern Indonesia.

A whole-farm system approach to enhancing Bali cattle production in the mixed crop/livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia.

Improving smallholder crop-livestock systems in eastern Indonesia. ACIAR-LPS/2004/005.

A participatory, farming systems approach to improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder crop-livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia

Case study 1: Crop-livestock farming systems in eastern Indonesia

Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Integrated Farming System