Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Cassava

Enhancing the adoption of improved cassava production and utilization systems in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

UtomoEtAl(2008)EnhancingAdoptionImprovedCassavaProductionUtilizationSystemsIndo_ACIAR.pdf

This paper reports on the 'ACIAR cassava project in Indonesia', where a farmer participatory approach was used in an effort to increase the productivity of cassava-based cropping systems via adoption of higher yielding varieties and improved cultural practices. The report commences with a brief history of cassava research and development efforts in Indonesia, before providing quite an extensive methodology section outlining the farmer participatory research trials that were conducted. Trials were conducted on both experimental stations by the project team, and on farmers' fields by farmers with project staff providing extension support. They focussed on soil fertility management, plant spacing and nitrogen fertilization for leaf production, varietal evaluation and improvement, and on-farm animal feeding. The paper contains a simple to understand flow chart of the farmer participatory model used, before outlining the project achievements against the project objectives. Data obtained during the trials is presented in numerous tables with some analysis of the results. Conclusions for cassava in the trial areas are presented, along with some recommendations for future research. The authors accurately conclude that a longer timeframe is required to fully determine the clear impacts from projects delivering technology transfer.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Utomo W.H., Marjuki, Wargiono, Hartoyo K., Suharjo, Retnaningtyas E., Santoso D., Wijaya A. and Howeler R.

Publisher:

In 'A new future for cassava in Asia: its use as food, feed and fuel to benefit the poor. Proceedings of the 8th Regional Workshop, Vientiane, Lao PDR, 20-24 October 2008', ed. by R.H. Howeler. Pp. 490-507

Keywords:

Commodity:

Traditional and new uses of cassava roots in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

Wargiono-Richana(2008)TraditionalNewUsesCassavaRootsIndo.pdf

Cassava roots in Indonesia are being used for food, feed and industrial purposes, which includes products such as chips/gaplek, flour, starch, and sweeteners such as high-fructose syrup, dextrose, maltose and sorbitol. The new utilization of cassava roots focuses on the new demand for fuel-ethanol. This paper explores the traditional uses of cassava roots in some detail, including their decline due to decreasing production of cassava, before moving to discuss use of cassava roots for fuel grade ethanol (FGE) and the extent cassava production will need to increase in Indonesia if it is to meet future demand for food, feed, traditional industries and FGE. By 2025, it is projected that a total requirement of 67.2 million tonnes of cassava root will be required, which is over three times the current level of production. The report concludes with some discussion on where the FGE industries might need to be located if they were to rely significantly on cassava roots as a fuel source, the suitability of planting windows and capital requirements for a FGE factory suitable for processing cassava roots. The paper follows a logical flow and is easy to read. A greater level of analysis is required for any significant development to occur.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Wargiono J. and Richana N.

Publisher:

Keywords:

Market

Processing

Commodity:

Cassava

Harmonizing the supply of cassava to meet the increasing demand for food and various other uses in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

Widodo(2008)HarvestingSupplyCassvaMeetIncreasingDemandFoodVariousOtherUsesIndo.pdf

The demand for cassava has increased significantly in the past 40 years. Area harvested has however declined, but yields have more than doubled in this time. This paper commences with a summary of cassava production in Indonesia since its introduction in the 18th century, the initial development of exports and development of cassava in dried forms as a means of addressing food scarcity. The paper spends a small amount of time considering the consequences of the development of the cassava starch industry, and significantly more time on hydrogen cyanide toxicity, where it gets quite scientific. The paper then moves into a discussion about agronomic aspects of cassava production and varieties, and the expansion of cassava growing in Indonesia. It touches on the management of waste and reduction of impact on the environment. A number of general conclusions are reached by the authors, but no recommendations for future research are made. A reasonable understanding of agronomics and chemical terminology would be recommended to fully appreciate the content of the paper.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Widodo, Y.

Publisher:

Keywords:

Commodity:

The use of cassava starch factory waste (pulp) as feed for dairy cattle by smallholder farmers in East Java, Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

Marjuki(2008)UseCassavaStarchFactoryWasteFeedForDairyCattleSmallholderFarmersEastJava.pdf

This paper details a field survey conducted in three dairy cattle production centres (Malang, Kediri, and Blitar) of East Java on the use of cassava pulp as feed. The authors found a very high usage of cassava pulp as additional feed for dairy cows, particularly in the dry season when a large supply of the pulp was available. The report identifies a number of advantages identified by farmers of feeding cassava pulp to dairy cattle, including improving palatability of concentrate feed and increasing milk yield. It also notes that incorporating cassava pulp into feed does slightly decrease milk fat content. The authors discuss their findings with respect to the use of the pulp, regardless of its quality or hydrogen cyanide content. The report outlines and briefly discusses the cassava pulp supply chain and price differences between wet and dry pulp. The paper is reasonably well laid out and easy to read, however the conclusion reached by the author is somewhat simplistic - that cassava has the potential to be an important feedstuff, and the most limiting factor is supply. It assumes that increasing the supply of cassava will result in increased used of the by-products by cattle farmers to supplement feed.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Marjuki.

Publisher:

Keywords:

Commodity:

Cassava agronomy research and adoption of improved practices in Indonesia - major achievements during the last 20 years

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

WargionoEtAl(2001)CassavaAgronomyResearchAdoptionImprovedPracticesIndo_CIAT.pdf

This paper reviews cassava research in Indonesia prior to 2000 and presents the key achievements in farmer adoption of new technologies to increase cassava yields and income. The improved practices the authors examine include land preparation, erosion control, planting material, plant growth management through plant population and spacing, planting time, weed control, cropping systems and fertilization. The research highlights that cassava planting time is affected by cropping system, soil type and water availability. Planting cassava on medium to light textured soils can be done from the beginning to the end of the rainy season without significant effects on root yield when plants are harvested at 8-12 months, since water availability of 35-60 mm/10 days could be maintained during the first five months. It outlines the optimum plant population for monoculture cassava using non-, late- or branching varieties on poor and better soils: 12,000-14,000, 10,000 and 10,000 plants/ha, respectively. Intercropping systems of cassava with upland rice and other secondary food crops increased Land Equivalent Ration to 1.59, increased net income by 15 per cent, reduced soil erosion by 20 per cent and resulted in a B/C ratio of about 2.80.

Publication Date:

2001

Author:

Wargiono J., Widodo Y. and Utomo W.H.

Publisher:

In 'Cassava's potential in Asia in the 21st century: present situation and future research and development needs. Proceedings of Sixth Regional Workshop, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, 21-25 February 2000', ed. by R.H. Howeler and S.L. Tan. Pp. 259-278

Keywords:

Commodity:

Implementation of farmer participatory research (FPR) in the transfer of cassava technologies in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

UtomoEtAl(2001)ImplementationFarmerParticipatoryResearchTransferCassavaTechnologiesIndonesia_CIAT.pdf

This paper presents the experiences of using farmer participatory research to develop and transfer cassava production technologies to maintain soil productivity, reduce erosion and increase farmers' incomes. The research was conducted over a five year period in two districts of East Java: Blitar and Malang. A Rapid Rural Appraisal was initially used, in which farmers identified problems and proposed potential solutions. The results demonstrate that farmers understood low crop productivity was partly due to improper land management and they knew how to implement soil conservation practices. However, they did not adopt the technology properly because it was too costly and complicated. When farmers became aware that this was not the case, they developed demonstration plots to test some of the technologies, including erosion control practices, fertilizer application and the introduction of new cassava varieties. During the course of the project, the number of farmers adopting the soil conservation practices in their own fields significantly increased. The study found that the farmer participatory research approach increased the self-confidence of farmers, motivated them to actively obtain new knowledge about technologies and increased their willingness and ability to try them.

Publication Date:

2001

Author:

Utomo W.H., Suyamto, and Sinaga A

Publisher:

In 'Cassava's potential in Asia in the 21st century: present situation and future research and development needs.' Proceedings of Sixth Regional Workshop, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, 21-25 February 2000', ed. by R.H. Howeler and S.L. Tan. Pp. 424-435

Keywords:

Commodity:

The determinants of cassava productivity and price under the farmers' collaboration with the emerging cassava processors: a case study in East Lumpung, Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

Sugino-Mayrowani(2009)DeterminantsCassavaProductivityPriceFarmersCollaborationEastLampung.pdf

This study explores the impact of new cassava processors in Sukadana, East Lampung district in Lampung province on the production and prices of cassava in the area. A survey of eighty cassava farmers was carried out to explore their relationships with processors, their production cost structures and their cultivation practices. The study found that harvesting age was a critical factor to determine the cassava yield and price in the study area. Three types of farmers were observed, namely farmers collaborating with new external processors (foreign food companies), farmers collaborating with local processors and farmers who have no close relationships with processors. The technical support provided by the emerging processing companies was found to have a positive impact in plant management. It is expected that the increasing demand for cassava induced by biofuel production will attract more companies to the processing business and increase the companies' investment in supporting activities for farmers. This, in return, would contribute to farmers' welfare through improved profit of cassava production.

Publication Date:

2009

Author:

Sugino T. and Mayrowani H.

Journal:

Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics 1(5), 114-120

Keywords:

Commodity:

Value chain analysis for commercial cassava growing in NTT

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

NimmoBell(2007)ValueChainAnalysisCommercialCassavaGrowingNTT_IFC_SADI.pdf

This report explores the potential for cassava production in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province in response to a proposed project to grow and export cassava chip for further processing into bio-ethanol in China. Initial field research found the region to be well suited to growing cassava with large areas of arable land and cassava yields comparable to other regions of Indonesia. However, the authors note that further work is required to understand whether NTT has comparative advantage in cassava production and whether there is a risk to smallholders given that the major buyer could reduce future buying operations. Developing an area of cassava production in Flores was shown to be of particular interest due to the potential smallholder benefits of developing integrated farming systems where cassava is used as a source of cash income and as a valuable feed source for cattle fattening. This approach would also allow smallholders to diversify risk away from only one or two agricultural products. The report concludes with a number of recommendations.

Publication Date:

2007

Author:

Nimmo-Bell

Publisher:

Nimmo-Bell & Company Ltd for the International Finance Corporation.

Keywords:

Commodity:

Effect of date of planting and rainfall distribution in the yield of five cassava varieties in Lampung, Indonesia. In 'Cassava's potential in Asia in the 21st century: present situation and future research and development needs

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 08:30:24 +0000

Fauzan-Puspitorini(2001)EffectDatePlantingRainfallDistributionYieldCassavaVarietiesLampung.pdf

Lampung is the primary cassava producing region in Indonesia, yet the province regularly experiences prolonged dry periods. This study examines drought tolerance for varietal selection prior to distribution, assessing the potential impact of drought (two or more months of <100mm rainfall) on root yield, starch yield and content in five selected varieties. Trial design comprised a 0.1ha plot of each variety (no replication) with sub-plots of staggered planting dates to impose dry periods at different growth stages. Results found no varietal difference in root yields in the absence of a dry period. However, root yields were reduced between 14.88t/ha and 20.11t/ha with exposure to a dry period. CMR30-56-1 was ranked the most drought tolerant and Adira 4 the least drought tolerant. Starch yields were reduced by 50 per cent when subject to a dry period and yield reductions increased with length of the dry period. Dry conditions between the third and eighth month after planting had the greatest impact on yield suggesting that rain during this period is critical for root bulking. Effects on starch content were also assessed as starch content is a price determinant for fresh cassava. Dry periods reduced starch content, but to a lesser extent, one to three months before harvest.

Publication Date:

2001

Author:

Fauzan I. and Puspitorini P.

Publisher:

In "Cassava's potential in Asia in the 21st century: present situation and future research and development needs.' Proceedings of Sixth Regional Workshop, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, 21-25 February 2000', ed. by R.H. Howeler and S.L. Tan. Pp. 333-344

Keywords:

Commodity:

Eastern IndonesiaAgribusiness DevelopmentOpportunities (EI-ADO) - Cassava

Enhancing the adoption of improved cassava production and utilization systems in Indonesia

Traditional and new uses of cassava roots in Indonesia

Harmonizing the supply of cassava to meet the increasing demand for food and various other uses in Indonesia

The use of cassava starch factory waste (pulp) as feed for dairy cattle by smallholder farmers in East Java, Indonesia.

Cassava agronomy research and adoption of improved practices in Indonesia - major achievements during the last 20 years

Implementation of farmer participatory research (FPR) in the transfer of cassava technologies in Indonesia

The determinants of cassava productivity and price under the farmers' collaboration with the emerging cassava processors: a case study in East Lumpung, Indonesia.

Value chain analysis for commercial cassava growing in NTT

Effect of date of planting and rainfall distribution in the yield of five cassava varieties in Lampung, Indonesia. In 'Cassava's potential in Asia in the 21st century: present situation and future research and development needs

Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Cassava