Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Hybrid

Maize in Indonesia: production systems, constraints, and research priorities

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

SwastikaEtAl(2004)MaizeIndoProductionSystemsConstraintsResearchPriorities_CIMMYT.pdf

The demand for maize as food and feed in Indonesia has been steadily increasing. Total national maize production has grown at 4.07 per cent per annum in the last three decades, thanks mainly to the adoption of improved production technologies, particularly hybrid seed. This high production, however, still fails to meet domestic demand and has caused a rapid increase in the net import of maize. This study presents the maize production systems in four major maize-producing provinces in Indonesia: Lampung, East Java, West Nusa Tenggara and South Sulawesi. It identifies important productivity constraints faced by maize farmers, including low grain prices during harvest; high input prices; large distances between maize production areas, feed mills and seed industries; lack of promotion of local improved maize varieties (OPVs and hybrids) by government research centres; and lack of farmer capital. The authors propose that farmers, the Government of Indonesia, and private companies should be encouraged to develop appropriate technology and policies, such as tariffs and credit systems, to overcome some of these constraints.

Publication Date:

2004

Author:

Swastika D.K.S., Kasim F., Suhariyanto K., Sudana W., Hendayana R., Gerpacio R.V. and Pingali P.L.

Publisher:

CIMMYT

Keywords:

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Demand for technology innovation and transfer to maize farmers in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

KamaruddinEtAl(2010)DemandTechnologyInnovationTransferMaizeFarmersSouthSulawesi_AIAT.pdf

This paper discusses the recent changes in cultivation of maize in Indonesia's South Sulawesi province. The authors present data to show the increases in area cultivated and in productivity of maize production in the region. Furthermore, they discuss how the pattern of maize varieties used in this province has changed in the last 15 years, namely from a wide use of local/white varieties (up to 40 per cent use in 1995), towards an increased use of open-pollinated superior varieties and hybrid maize varieties in the late 2000s. The paper then discusses the adoption of new technologies by farmers in the region and the reasons for such adoption, including the strong support and encouragement of the government and the use of a variety of dissemination tools including the use of media, direct communication, demonstrations and case studies. According to the authors, understanding of the local culture and politics, as well as farmer's needs in each particular region, are considered important for the success of adoption of new technologies.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Kamaruddin A.S., Aidar G. and Baco D.

Publisher:

In 'Maize for Asia: emerging trends and technologies. Proceeding of the 10th Asian Regional Maize Workshop, Makassar, Indonesia, 20-23 October 2008', ed. by P.H. Zaidi, M. Azrai and K.V. Pixley. CIMMYT

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Agronomic characteristics and yield potential of promising maize hybrids in dryland agroecosystems of Western Nusa Tenggara.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

HipiEtAl(2010)AgronomicCharacteristicsYieldPotentialPromisingMaizeHybridsDrylandAgroecosystemsWesternNusaTenggara.pdf

Maize is an important commodity in Nusa Tenggara Barat province as it has a strategic role in meeting the food needs of the people and the demand of feed industries in the region. However, raising productivity to meet the growing demand for maize requires the use of hybrids with high yield potential. This paper examines the potential yield of hybrids of harapan grown in dryland agro-ecosystems. Research was carried out in Perigi village—the centre of dryland maize production—in Suela subdistrict of Lombok Timur during the 2005/2006 rainy season. Fourteen hybrids were tested using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The tested hybrids were relatively similar in plant height and ear length. For control purposes, Bima-1 and BISI-2 hybrids were also used. The findings reveal that of the 14 tested hybrids, six were higher yielding than the controls, including Nei92002/Mr4 (9.22 t ha-1), Mr4/B11-209 (8.95 t ha-1), G193/Mr4 (8.53 t ha-1) and B11-136/Mr14 (8.30 t ha-1). Despite these encouraging results, the authors note that these hybrids need to be tested further for wider adaptation before they are released commercially.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Hipi A., Erawati B.T., Azrai M. and Takdir A.

Publisher:

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Yield potential and gap analysis of maize production in Sulawesi, Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

Hadijah-Margaretha(2010)YieldPotentialGapAnalysisMaizeProductionSulawesi_ICeRI.pdf

This paper explores maize productivity and the yield gap in maize production in five provinces of Sulawesi. The research is based on secondary data collected for the period of 2001 to 2007 on harvested area, production, seed distribution and productivity. The findings revealed that average maize production and productivity varied significantly across the five provinces, from 64,664 tons in Central Sulawesi to 698,198 tons in South Sulawesi and from 2.21 t/ha in Southeast Sulawesi to 3.39 t/ha in Gorontalo. The paper documents the main constraints to production, including biophysical (e.g. pests and diseases and soil fertility), socio-cultural (e.g. poor production facilities and failure to use high quality seed and fertilizer), economic (e.g. high input prices and limited farmer capital) and institutional (e.g. lack of extension services). In general, there remains a large yield gap (3-6.5 t/ha) between farm level yields and yield potential for several superior varieties, both hybrid and composite, in Sulawesi. The authors propose that this yield gap could be overcome by the availability of a package of locally specific planting technologies that could be easily and quickly adopted by farmers.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Hadijah A.D. and Margaretha S.L.

Publisher:

Keywords:

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Utilization of lowland rice in increasing maize production in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

FadhlyEtAl(2010)UtilizationLowlandRiceIncreasingMaizeProductionIndo_ICeRI.pdf

Cropping intensity of rice in lowlands in Indonesia is decreasing, presenting an opportunity to increase cropping intensity by planting maize. In this paper, Fadhly et al. suggest that in order to increase maize production, which does not meet the current demand for feed in Indonesia, maize cropping systems could be shifted to lowlands by promoting increased cropping intensity using rice-rice-maize, rice-maize-maize or rice-maize-fallow cropping patterns. Lowland areas planting rice once or twice per year are 2,832,816 and 4,558,568 ha, respectively, across Java, Sumatra, Bali and Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan and the Sulawesi Islands. Planting maize after rice has been shown to provide high profits for farmers because maize prices tend to increase at that time to their highest level. High yield obtained by planting hybrid varieties, along with high prices, are resulting in the annual expansion of maize areas in the lowlands. The authors note, however, that irrigation is an important factor in maize farming on lowlands. Farmers generally use drilled wells and irrigate their maize crops by using engine pumps, but drainage must be prepared to avoid excess water due to unpredictable rains.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Fadhly A.F., Surtikanti, and Bahtiar.

Publisher:

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Accelerating adoption of suitable cultural practices of maize to minimize the yield gap and increase farmers' income in Karo, North Sumatra.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:12:36 +0000

AkmalEtAl(2010)AcceleratingAdoptionSuitableCulturalPracticesMaize.pdf

The paper examines the adoption of site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) by maize farmers in North Sumatra and its impact on production and farmers' income. The SSNM introduced to farmers was recommended by a study conducted in the region in 2004-2007: 160 kg ha-1 N, 72 kg ha-1 P2O5 and 90 kg ha-1 K2O. The study also disseminated a new high-yielding variety of maize together with recommendations for planting density and the number of seeds per hole. Research was carried out in five sites in Tigabinanga sub-district—a dryland farming region located 600-700m above mean sea level. Thirty-two per cent of farmers followed the fertilizer recommendations, which saw an 11.49 per cent increase in production (9,353 t ha-1) compared to traditional farmer practices (8,278 t ha-1). Farmers' income increased by 17.13 per cent from Rp. 9,563.840 to Rp. 11,541.340. Due to labour constraints, farmers did not follow all the recommend practices. However, the authors note that this could be solved by introducing seed planters, as well as fertilizer applicators to minimize labour costs. This research contributes to identifying suitable technologies and practices that can increase farmer productivity and labour efficiency.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Akmal, Yufdy M.P. and Girsang S.S.

Publisher:

Keywords:

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