Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Feed

Analysis of feeds and fertilizers for sustainable aquaculture development in Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:27:04 +0000

Nur(2007)AnalysisFeedsFertilizersSustainableAquacultureDevelopmentIndo_CentreBrackishwaterAquacultureDevt.pdf

In this paper, the author presents a useful overview and analysis of aquaculture practices and farming systems in Indonesia, with a particular focus on aquaculture feed and feeding. Notable is the fact that Indonesia uses a relatively small proportion of the area that is available and/or suitable for aquaculture (4.5 million hectares of more than 11.8 million hectares available), which together with the intensification of culture practices provides an opportunity for rapid growth of the sector. To meet the demand, the author maintains that the aquafeed industry needs to prepare itself appropriately, find alternatives to minimize the fishmeal content in aquafeeds and urgently address the high feed demand of L.vannamei (Pacific white shrimp). The author also makes recommendations around environmental issues, which are receiving increased prominence in aquaculture sector research. One suggestion is for a more cost effective feed to be developed to improve efficiency and reduce environmental impacts. Greater consumer awareness of food safety issues requires the feed industry to pay greater attention to traceability of feed materials and feed processing technology.

Publication Date:

2007

Author:

Nur A.

Publisher:

In 'Study and analysis of feeds and fertilizers for sustainable aquaculture development', ed. by M.R. Hasan, T. Hecht, S.S. De Silva and A.G.J. Tacon. Pp. 245-267. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 497. FAO

Keywords:

Commodity:

Opportunities to use cocoa pods and forages to address feed gaps during the dry season in Southeast Sulawesi. ACIAR-SMAR 2007/013. 48:76

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

Quigley-Poppi(2009)OpportunitiesCocoaPodsForageAddressFeedGapsSESulawesi_ACIAR_SADI.pdf

Increased beef demand and prices could increase smallholder cash flow and production if feed quantity and quality limitations could be addressed. This project assessed the potential use of cocoa by-products as a cattle feed and various forage and tree legumes in managed grazing systems in South East Sulawesi (Sultra). Methodology involved laboratory, research facility and on farm trials. Results indicate cocoa pods could successfully be fed to Bali cattle (10-15g DM/kg live weight/d) while contributing to cocoa pod borer management and using simple low-cost processing for storage. Gliricidia and Sesbania tree legumes provide additional stock feed options. Key recommendations include the introduction of cheap cocoa pod choppers and extension of cocoa pods as a feed source. The authors suggest several areas for further investigation, including assessment of forage legumes, which was limited by unfavourable climatic conditions in the current study, the role of Aspergillus niger in improving low quality feedstuffs and the most palatable form of processed cocoa pods. The project contributed to capacity building and developing research linkages for future ruminant nutrition research.

Publication Date:

2009

Author:

Quigley S., Poppi D., Rusman M., Saili T., Budisantoso E., Dahlanuddin and Marsetyo.

Publisher:

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Case study 2: Developing an integrated production system for Bali cattle in the eastern islands of Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

PoppiEtAl(2011)CaseStudy2DevelopingIntegratedProductionSystemBaliCattle_ACIAR.pdf

The low weight of Bali cattle for sale was a major issue related to smallholder farmer poverty and an impediment to the development of a cattle industry in eastern Indonesia. An ACIAR-funded research team established that the low weight was due to poor management, particularly nutrition, which led to low reproductive efficiency, and poor survival and growth of the calf. The research team worked with villagers to introduce a simple management system aimed at increasing pregnancy rates in lactating cows, reducing calf mortality, reducing the bull cost per calf, and increasing average post-weaning growth rates and survival. These strategies aimed to minimise costs, increase turn-off rates, reduce average turn-off age and increase net financial returns. This case study outlines the approach taken to develop an integrated management system for Bali cattle, with emphasis on both successes and failures.

Publication Date:

2011

Author:

Poppi D., Fordyce G., Panjaitan T., Dahlanuddin and Quigley S.

Publisher:

In 'Beef production in crop-livestock systems: simple approaches for complex problems', ed. by B. Winter. ACIAR Monograph No. 145. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Integrating herbaceous legumes into crop and livestock systems in eastern Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

NulikEtAl(2013)IntegratingHerbaceousLegumesCropLivestockSystemsEasternIndo_ACIAR.pdf

This report identifies legumes for use in maize and upland rice-based systems of East Nusa Tenggara and contains additional information on biomass and seed production, agronomy (sowing, configuration, pests, weeds, disease) and benefits from legume use. The report details the characteristics and performance of seven herbaceous legumes (Clitoria ternatea, Centrosema pascuorum, Lablab purpureus, Stylosanthes seabrana, Stylosanthes guianensis, Macroptilium bracteatum, Centrosema molle) including suitability to local climatic conditions and as a cattle feed, evaluated in on-farm and research station trials. The report contains numerous farmer case studies, documenting the use of herbaceous legumes in cereal and cattle systems. Benefits include production of significant biomass; provision of alternative high-N forage to supplement other feed sources e.g. tree legumes; direct incorporation into cropping systems based on maize and rice either as a relay or rotation; contribution of N to the cropping system through nitrogen fixation if not removed for hay; and utilisation of residual stored soil moisture. The report highlights aspects of the system that impact on farmer adoption and notes that continued farmer support is critical for successful adoption.

Publication Date:

2013

Author:

Nulik J., Dalgliesh N., Cox K. and Gabb S.

Publisher:

ACIAR Monograph No. 154. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

A whole-farm system approach to enhancing Bali cattle production in the mixed crop/livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

McdonaldEtAl(2004)WholeFarmApproachEnhancingBaliCattleProductionEasternIndo.pdf

While many forages suitable for improving livestock production in mixed crop-livestock systems in the tropics have been identified, their adoption has been limited. Before farmers will introduce new forages into their farming system an important prerequisite is that the change will be considered profitable, will have an acceptable level of risk and will not interfere with food security. This paper describes a whole farm systems approach used to identify the benefits of new forages to improve Bali cattle production in the smallholder mixed crop-livestock systems of eastern Indonesia. Data collection took place with farmers, village heads and extension staff in four villages in Sulawesi and Sumbawa. Preliminary analyses indicate that retaining residue from grain legume crops, growing tree legumes as living fences or hedgerows, and elephant grass all contribute to increased animal production by reducing annual forage deficit. This, in turn, decreases labour requirements in the late dry season as fodder does not have to be obtained from long distances. These findings suggest that substantial improvements can be made to farm profitability and family welfare from within the resources and constraints of current farming practices.

Publication Date:

2004

Author:

McDonald C., Lisson S., MacLeod N., Rahman R., Wirajaswadi L., Panjaitan T. et al.

Publisher:

In 'Proceedings Seminar Nasional Pemberdayaan Petani Miskin di Lahan Marginal Melalui Inovasi Teknologi Tepat Guna, Mataram 2004' Pp. 1-8

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Improving smallholder crop-livestock systems in eastern Indonesia. ACIAR-LPS/2004/005.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2008)ImprovingSmallholderCropLlivestockSystemsEasternIndo.pdf

This report presents findings from a project aiming to help smallholder farmers improve cattle production in eastern Indonesia by introducing forages into their cropping systems. It identified several factors constraining livestock production in smallholder farming systems, and found that most technologies needed to address the constraints are already available in Indonesia or elsewhere, but have not yet been adopted by local farmers. The report describes the merits of combining the principles and tools of farming systems analysis and farmer participation, where an extensive benchmarking process to identify constraints to livestock production and potential strategies to address them are shared with farmers to develop a shortlist of feasible strategies for on-farm trialling. Based on feedback from farmers and results from monitoring on-farm trials the approach was deemed successful. The pathways to adoption of livestock improvement strategies varied by region and technology. The initial focus was to address forage supply and quality constraints through modest plantings of selected forages. The confidence and trust arising from successful adoption of this comparatively simple technology was used as an entry point for more complex animal management strategies requiring long-term planning and investment.

Publication Date:

2008

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Wirajaswadi L., Rahman R., et al.

Publisher:

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

A participatory, farming systems approach to improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder crop-livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2010)ParticipatoryFarmingSystemsApproachImprovingBaliCattleProductionEastIndo.pdf

This paper presents key findings from a research, development and extension program conducted between 2001 and 2009 in six villages in South Sulawesi and Central Lombok to develop and test a participatory, farming systems approach for evaluating and increasing the adoption of strategies for improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder farming systems of Eastern Indonesia. A whole farm model, called Integrated Analysis Tool, was developed to capture the particular features of Eastern Indonesian smallholder farming systems, including Bali Cattle feed responses, local feed types and management practices. Smallholders actively participated in every step of the process from benchmarking, identification of cattle production constraints and opportunities, the selection and field testing of best-bet strategies and the extension of technologies to other households. This research approach resulted in sustained adoption of a package of best-bet technologies by the 30 participating smallholder households with an intention to continue these practices into the future. It further resulted in positive production, social and economic impacts, as well as significant adoption/adaption of the livestock improvement technologies by other households exposed to the practices.

Publication Date:

2010

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Pengelly B., Wirajaswadid L., et al.

Journal:

Agricultural Systems 103(7), 486-497

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

Case study 1: Crop-livestock farming systems in eastern Indonesia

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:04:15 +0000

LissonEtAl(2011)CaseStudy1CropLivestockFarmingSystemsEasternIndo_ACIAR.pdf

This case study presents the research and outcomes of three ACIAR-funded projects to improve Bali cattle production for smallholders in eastern Indonesia. The projects—conducted between 2001 and 2008—developed and tested an approach that combined the principles of participatory, on-farm engagement with farmers, and farming systems analysis and modelling. Their main purpose was to encourage the uptake of technologies that improve the productivity and welfare of smallholder households. Trials of the different options were conducted over a two-year period, involving 40 selected households from four sites in eastern Indonesia. The case study demonstrates how the uptake of these technologies is starting to bring substantial benefits to the smallholders, their families and communities such as increased forage and livestock production, labour savings, and increased family income. The tools, knowledge and skills developed through this work are now being utilized for other projects aiming to generate wide-scale adoption of new farming practices, increased beef production and improved farmer welfare in eastern Indonesia.

Publication Date:

2011

Author:

Lisson S., MacLeod N., McDonald C., Corfield J., Rachman R. and Wirajaswadi L.

Publisher:

In 'Beef production in crop-livestock systems: simple approaches for complex problems', ed. by B. Winter. ACIAR Monograph No. 145. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Keywords:

Commodity:

Integrated Farming System

The effect of forage energy level on production and reproduction performances of Kosta female goat

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 09:03:00 +0000

Aritonang(2009)EffectForageEnergyLevelProductionPerformanceKostaFemaleGoatIndo_AndalasUni.pdf

This paper explores whether proper management of feeding goats with forages could increase the production and reproduction of Kosta goats. Research was carried out in two phases. The first observed the growth of female Kosta goats after weaning at four months to puberty at seven months and mating at nine months. Variables assessed include ration consumption, daily weight gain and puberty age on the livestock. The second phase observed female goats from mating to birth, assessing ration consumption, daily body weight gain, length of pregnancy, litter size, kid birth weight and kid weaning weight. The research used a completely randomised design, using forages with three energy levels—53, 61 and 69 per cent—with relatively equal protein content at 12 per cent. The forages included field grass and leaves of waru, lamtoro, gamal and jackfruit. The research found that the higher the dietary energy (up to 61 per cent TDN) in the ration, the higher the production performances of Kosta female goats in terms of efficiency of ration usage, body weight gain, birth weight and weaning weight, and the higher the reproduction performances in terms of age of puberty, length of pregnancy and litter size.

Publication Date:

2009

Author:

Aritonang S.N.

Journal:

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8(3), 251-255

Keywords:

Feed

Production System

Commodity:

Goats

Literature review of the beef sub-sector. A report prepared for Collins-Higgins Consulting Group for ACIAR Project AGB-2-12-004, EI-ADO SRA.

sudo — Mon, 09 Feb 2015 07:40:07 +0000

Waldron-Kristedi(2012)LiteraturereviewIndoBeefSubSector_ACIAR_EIADO.pdf

Publication Date:

2012

Author:

Waldron S. and Kristedi T.

Publisher:

ACIAR

Keywords:

Commodity:

Eastern IndonesiaAgribusiness DevelopmentOpportunities (EI-ADO) - Feed

Analysis of feeds and fertilizers for sustainable aquaculture development in Indonesia

Opportunities to use cocoa pods and forages to address feed gaps during the dry season in Southeast Sulawesi. ACIAR-SMAR 2007/013. 48:76

Case study 2: Developing an integrated production system for Bali cattle in the eastern islands of Indonesia.

Integrating herbaceous legumes into crop and livestock systems in eastern Indonesia.

A whole-farm system approach to enhancing Bali cattle production in the mixed crop/livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia.

Improving smallholder crop-livestock systems in eastern Indonesia. ACIAR-LPS/2004/005.

A participatory, farming systems approach to improving Bali cattle production in the smallholder crop-livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia

Case study 1: Crop-livestock farming systems in eastern Indonesia

The effect of forage energy level on production and reproduction performances of Kosta female goat

Literature review of the beef sub-sector. A report prepared for Collins-Higgins Consulting Group for ACIAR Project AGB-2-12-004, EI-ADO SRA.

Eastern Indonesia
Agribusiness Development
Opportunities (EI-ADO) - Feed